Six Years of Malignant Melanoma Management: A Review of Diagnosis and the Challenges of Treatment and Follow-Up
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Abstract
Background
Melanoma refers to the malignant transformation of melanocytes. There has been a steady rise in the incidence and mortality from malignant melanoma. Malignant melanoma accounts for about 4% of all skin cancers. The mortality resulting from malignant melanoma is about 80-85% of all skin-cancer related deaths. This study is aimed at documenting our experience with malignant melanoma over 6 years; including the diagnosis, treatment options, and challenges with treatment and follows up.
Methods
This is a retrospective study to evaluate the incidence, management options, and treatment challenges in patients treated for malignant melanoma in Benin City, Nigeria. Patients' data were obtained from the patients’ chart which included doctors' notes, nurses' charts and investigation reports. These included the biodata, clinical findings, investigations, treatment options and outcome. These data were presented in graphs and charts.
Results
Twelve patients were treated for malignant melanoma over 6 years. The commonest site of the primary lesion was on the lower limb (84.6%). Other sites were the arm and back with one patient (7.7%) respectively. The commonest procedure carried out was excision biopsy (91.7%). Other procedures done were primary wound closure, skin grafting, and sentinel node biopsy and groin dissection. One patient had an excision and split-thickness skin grafting, groin dissection, excision of chest nodular mass and fasciocutaneous flap closure.
Conclusion
The commonest site of melanoma was the lower limb. Nodular foot lesions may result from repeated trauma to the sole. Late presentation and non-compliance to treatment modalities are some of the challenges encountered in our setting
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